Art of heat transference.



No. 877,903. PATENTBD FEB. 4, 1908*.

C. R. BUTLER. ART 0F HEAT TRANSPERBNGE.

APPLICATION FILED DEG. 4, 1905.

Snom/woz Ch ar/ey E. But/'er @wi/514m 25 cooling liquid preferably an oil, and circu atcn'AELEY n. BUTLER, or CARTHAGE, INDIANA.

ART oF HEAT TRANSEERENCE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb.' 4, 1908.

Application filed December 4.1905. Serial No. 290.097.

To all 'whom it 'may concern:

Beit known that I, CHARLEY R. BUTLER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Carthage, in the county of Rush and State of Indiana, have discovered certain new and useful Improvements in the Art of Heat Transference, of which the followingis a specification. y

In the operation of as engines, transformers, furnaces and ot er a paratus generating heat it is desirable t at means be provided to transfer the generatedheat to another point and some radiating means is, therefore, provided. IIeretofore this radiating means has generally consisted of a radiator coil or conduit through which water can be circulated, the conduit being connccted with a "acket surrounding the Inachine heater. ln such an apparatus, however, a verylarge radiating surface must' be provided in order that the temperature of the circulating water may be su ciently reduced before again coming into contact with the heater.

I have discovered that, by providin a ing this cooling liquid through the conduit, under material pressure, and providing a relief or Waste valve by means of which' the gases, generated in the cooling fluid by reason of contact with the heated body, may esca e, I am enabled to very materially reduce t e area of radiating surface necessary for a required drop in temperature of the circulating liquid, the required area of radiating surface varying inversely With the ressure under which the cooling iuid is circu ated.

In order to illustrate my discovery, the accompanying drawings illustrate diagrammatically an apparatus for carrying same into effect.

In this drawing, 1 indicates a conduit provided with a radiator portion 2. The conduit consists in part of a portion 3 which either surrounds or is intimately associated with the body to be cooled or the bodyfurnishing the heat to be radiated by portion 2. The conduit 1 is connected with the induction and eductionl passages of a suitable circulating means 4 which, in the present case, is illustrated as an ordinary rotary pump by means of which the liquid may be positively circulated through the conduit. Any desired means may be obtained for maintaining the cooling liquid under pressure in conduit 1 2-3 but I prefer a second pumfp 5 which, in the present case, is shown as o type as the pump 4. The pump 5 has its eduction passage connected With the eduction passage of pump 4 but obtains its supply of cooling liquid from a reservoir 6 so t at pump 5 serves to maintain any desired pressure of liquid Within the conduit in excess of what is roduced by the pump 4.

In or er to control the pressure of liquid Within the conduit I provide, preferably the same close to the point of'emer ence from the heater, a relief valve 7 W ich discharges through a conduit 8 into reservoir -6, said relief valve being of an ordinary type which may be adjusted to yield at any desired pressure produced in the conduit.

The operation is as follows: Suppose a cooling liquid, as a lubricating oil, be used to fill the conduit and' reservoir. The pump 4 will produce a -positive circulation of the liquid through the heating chamber 3, the radiator 2 and conduit l and this liquid will become heated in the chamber 3, the heat of the chamber being sufficient to partially volatilize'I the liquid. This volatilization (because of the latent heat of the gas) absorbs a large number of heat units from the chamber 3 but the formation of gas bubbles Would prevent the necessary intimate association of the liquid with the object to be cooled. It is for this purpose that the liquid is circulated under decided pressure, this ressure serving to compress the gas bubbles. pon emergence from the heater, by reason of the pressure, a portion of the stream passes through the valve 7 and conduit 8 into the reservoir 6 this portion being principally the frothy portion of the stream, consisting largely of volatilized liquid. When it reaches the reservoir 6' the gas is free to condense or to pass 0H. y

I have found in actual experiment that when' the oil is circulated through the radiator 2 by a single pump, therefore under practically no pressure, the temperature of the radiator does not become very high and the temperature of the liquid as it passes soI from the radiator is not materially greater f very materially reduce the area of the ral portion of the conduit might be formed of v merely nominal pressure o l0 `means by 'which there circulation of the li ticular mechanica valve into the reservoir.

lator, positively 'said conduit, heating the heater, permitting the radiator increases while the difference in temperature between the liquid as it passes from the heater and the liquid as it asses from the radiator is also material y increased, thus showing that the number of heat units radiated from the radiator when the liquid is under material pressure is much greater than when the li uid is under the circulation by a single pump. As a consequence I am able, by mcreasing thel pressure of the liquid within the conduit to several atmospheres, to

diator 2.

While I have described my invention particularly as a plied to a gas engine it is to be understood t at the discovery may be applied as readily to any other apparatus forl eat transference. For instance, an electric transformer of the ordinary type may be cooled 'by circulating the oil under ressure Withinthe casing-or, what would be etter, a

small copper tubing Which could be wound with the Windin sof the transformer so as to be distributed t erethrough, thus providing could be complete uid. As another in stance of the application of my discovery it Will be apparent that it might be utilized 1n a heating system, the heating chamber 3 being an ordinary furnace.

It will be readil understood that the parconstruction of the various portions of the described apparatus may be varied Without departing fromv my discovery, and it Will also be readily understood that a single circulating pressure device may be used if the induction pipe of the pump be connected with the reservoir and the conduit discharge through a pressure controlling,

I claim as my discovery: f 1. That improvement in the art of heat transference, which consists in providing a conduit circuit comprising a heater and radii circulating an oil through a portion of the oil to escape fromV the conduit after leaving the heater to permit escape of gases resulting from they heat, ,and driving an additional supply of oil into the system so as to maintain sucl material pressure of loil Withinthe heater portion of the conduit vasto substantially prevent the generation of gases Within the conduit.

2. That improvement in the art of heat s transference, which consists in providing a conduit circuit comprising a heater and radiator, positively circulating an oil Athrough said conduit, heating the heater, permitting a portion of the oil to escape from the conduit after leaving the heater to permit escape of gases resulting from the heat and driving l an additional supply of oil into the system in front of the heater, so as to maintain such material pressure of oil-Within the heater portion of the conduit as to substantially preflrent thel generation of gases within the conuit.

3i That improvement in the art of heat transference, which consists in providing a conduit circuit comprising a heater and radiator,- positively circulatin a liquid through said conduit, heating the heater, permitting a portion of the liquid to escape from the conduit after leaving the heater to permit escape of gases resulting from the heat, and drivmg an additional supply ofthe liquid into the system so as to maintain such matetion of the conduit as to substantially preent the generation of gases Within the con- 4. That improvement in the art of. heat transference, which consists in providing a conduit circuit comprising a'heater and radi'- ator, positively circulatin said conduit, heating the leater, permitting a portionof the` liquid to escape from the conduit after leaving the heater to permit escape of gases resulting from the heat and driving an additional su pl of liquid into the system in front of t e heater, so as, to maintain such material pressure of liquid Within the heater portion of the conduit as to substantially prevent the generation' of gases Within the conduit.

a-liquid through 5. That improvement in 'the ,art of heat transference, which consists in circulating a -liquid through a closed circuit of a heater and radiator by means of a pump, dpermitting an escape of a portion of the liqui in the line to permit escape vof gases dueto the heat, and lntroducingl into'said circuit Aan additional supply of lquid by a second duce a pressure Within the circuit such as to prevent the generation of gases in thel circuit.

6. That improvement 1n the art-,0f heat transference, which consists in circulating a liquid through a closed circuit of a heater and radiator by means of a pump, permite ting an escape of a portion of the llquid in the line between the radiator and heater, to permit escape of gases due to the heat, and introducing into said circuit an additional supply of iquid by a second pump to produce a pressure Within the circuit such as to prevent the generation of gases in the circuit.

7. That improvement in the art of heatl transference,'which consists 1n circulating an oil through a closed circuit comprising a heater and a radiator by means of a pump, permitting an escape of a portion of the oil from the circuitA through a pressure controlling valve and introducin into said circuit by a second pu p an ad tional suppump to pro- I ply of oil to maintain such ressure within to maintain suchr pressure Within the circuit the circuit as to substanti y prevent the as to substantially prevent the formation of formation of .gases therein. L p gases therein. 15 8. That improvement inthe art of heat In Witness whereof, I, have hereunto set 5 transference, which consists in circulating an my hand and seal at Indianapolis, Indiana, oil through a closed circuit comprising a this 25th day of November, Ar.' D. 'one thouheater and a radiator ly means of a; plillrnpi sand nine hundred and five.

ermittin an esca e o a ortion o t e oi om theocircuit t oughpa pressure c`on'v CHARIEY-R' BUTLER' [1" 5'] 10 trolling valve between the radiator and Witnesses:

heater, and introducin into said circuit by ARTHUR M HOOD, a second pump an ad 'tional supply of oil JAMES A. WALSH. 

